Yes, you can set it via ObjectAccess hacks as above. It will however blow up if Flow ever decides to change the magic persistence identifier, since you are coupling to an implementation detail of the Framework.
If this CSV import is a normal business action and not just a onetime solution the better way would be, to make it explicit! Add an own identifier property to your model (@ORM\Id) and provide a constructor (!identifier should not be changeable after construction) that allows to set the identifier. If you are bound to the current table schema, you could still map your own property to the persistence_object_identifier column via Doctrine annotation.
The property in PHP is actually written in uppercase Persistence_Object_Identifier, only the table column is then converted to lowercase. Another reason this isn’t a good idea to do generally, but if it’s really just for a one-time job, go ahead